What Are The Different Writing Genres

Wikipedia list article

This article needs attention from an expert in Literature. The specific problem is: overbroad understanding of the term "genre". WikiProject Literature may be able to help recruit an expert. (June 2020)

Writing genres (more commonly known as literary genres) are categories that distinguish literature (including works of prose, poetry, drama, hybrid forms, etc.) based on some set of stylistic criteria. Sharing literary conventions, they typically consist of similarities in theme/topic, style, tropes, and storytelling devices; common settings and character types; and/or formulaic patterns of character interactions and events, and an overall predictable form.

A literary genre may fall under either one of two categories: (a) a work of fiction, involving non-factual descriptions and events invented by the author; or (b) a work of nonfiction, in which descriptions and events are understood to be factual. In literature, a work of fiction can refer to a short story, novella, and novel, the latter being the longest form of literary prose. Every work of fiction falls into a literary subgenre, each with its own style, tone, and storytelling devices.^[1]

Moreover, these genres are formed by shared literary conventions that change over time as new genres emerge while others fade. Accordingly, they are often defined by the cultural expectations and needs of a particular historical and, cultural moment or place.^[2]

According to Alastair Fowler, the following elements can be used to define genres: organizational features (chapters, acts, scenes, stanzas); length; mood; style; the reader's role (e.g., in mystery works, readers are expected to interpret evidence); and the author's reason for writing (an epithalamion is a poem composed for marriage).^[3]

History [edit]

Genres are formed by shared literary conventions that change over time as new genres emerge while others fade. As such, genres are not wholly fixed categories of writing; rather, their content evolves according to social and cultural contexts and contemporary questions of morals and norms.^[2]

The most enduring genres are those literary forms that were defined and performed by the Ancient Greeks; definitions sharpened by the proscriptions of modern civilization's earliest literary critics and rhetorical scholars, such as Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Aeschylus, Aspasia, Euripides, and others. The prevailing genres of literary composition in Ancient Greece were all written and constructed to explore cultural, moral, or ethical questions; they were ultimately defined as the genres of epic, tragedy, and comedy. Aristotle's proscriptive analysis of tragedy, for example, as expressed in his Rhetoric and Poetics, saw it as having 6 parts (music, diction, plot, character, thought, and spectacle) working together in particular ways. Thus, Aristotle established one of the earliest delineations of the elements that define genre.

Fiction genres [edit]

Children's
Classic (or literary fiction): works with artistic/literary merit that are typically character-driven rather than plot-driven, following a character's inner story. They often include political criticism, social commentary, and reflections on humanity.^[1] These works are part of an accepted literary canon and widely taught in schools.
Coming-of-age
- Bildungsroman: works that focus on the psychological and moral growth of a character from youth into adulthood.^[1]
Epic: a narrative defined by heroic or legendary adventures presented in a long format.
- Epic poetry: narrative poetry about extraordinary feats occurring in a time before history, involving religious underpinnings and themes.
Folklore (folktale)
- Animal tale
- Fable: short story that anthropomorphizes non-humans in order to illustrate a moral lesson
- Fairy tale
- Ghost story
- Legend: story, sometimes of a national or folk hero, that has a basis in fact but also includes imaginative material
- Myth: traditional narrative, often based in part on historical events, that reveals human behavior and natural phenomena by its symbolism; often pertaining to the actions of the gods.
- Parable
- Personal narrative
- Urban legend
Historical: works that take place in the past—which can be real, imagined, or a combination of both.^[1] Many such works involve actual historical figures or historical events within historical settings.
- Alternate history: fiction in which one or more historical events occur differently than how they transpired in reality. Example: The Man in the High Castle (1962).
- Historical fantasy
- Historical mystery
- Historical romance
  - Regency romance
- Nautical fiction
  - Pirate novel
Meta (aka romantic irony in the context of Romantic literature): uses self-reference to draw attention to itself as a work of art while exposing the "truth" of a story.
- Metaparody
Nonsense
- Nonsense verse
Paranoid
Philosophical
Pop culture: fiction written with the intention of being filled with references from other works and media. Stories in this genre focused solely on using pop culture references.
Realist: works that are set in a time and place that are true to life (i.e. that could actually happen in the real world), abiding by real-world laws of nature. They depict real people, places, and stories in order to be as truthful as possible.^[1]
Religious or inspirational
- Christian
- Islamic
- Theological: fiction that explores the theological ideas that shape attitudes towards religious expression.
- Visionary
Satire: usually fiction and less frequently in non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, with the intent of shaming individuals, corporations, government, or society itself into improvement.^[4]
- Horatian
- Juvenalian
- Menippean
Social and political fiction
- Libertarian sci-fi
- Social sci-fi
- Political thriller
Thriller (or suspense): typically dark and suspenseful plot-driven fiction involving a person or group facing imminent harm, and the attempts made to evade that harm. Thrillers regularly use plot twists, red herrings, and cliffhangers, and seldom include comedic elements.^[1]
- Conspiracy
- Erotic
- Legal
- Financial
- Political
- Psychological
- Romantic suspense
- Techno-thriller
Urban: fiction set in an urban environment.
Western: works that follow cowboys, settlers, and outlaws exploring the American frontier and Old West, typically in the late-19th to early-20th century.^[1]
- Florida
- Northern
- Space
- Western romance
- Weird West
Young adult

Action and adventure [edit]

Action fiction and adventure fiction. The hero's journey is the most popular narrative structure of an adventure novel.^[5]

Adventure fantasy
- Heroic fantasy
- Lost world
- Sword-and-sandal
- Sword-and-sorcery
- Sword-and-soul
- Wuxia
Nautical
- Pirate
Robinsonade
Spy: fiction involving espionage and establishment of modern intelligence agencies.
- Spy-Fi: spy fiction that includes elements of science fiction.
Subterranean
Superhero
Survival
- Picaresque
Swashbuckler: fiction based on a time of swordsmen, pirates and ships, and other related ideas, usually full of action.

Comedy [edit]

Comedy (including comic novel, light poetry, and comedic journalism): usually a fiction full of fun, fancy, and excitement, meant to entertain and sometimes cause intended laughter; but can be contained in all genres.

Burlesque
Fantasy
Comedy horror
Parody
- Metaparody
Sci-fi
Surreal comedy
Tall tale: humorous story with blatant exaggerations, such as swaggering heroes who do the impossible with nonchalance.
Tragicomedy: a work containing elements of both comedy and tragedy.

Crime and mystery [edit]

Crime fiction (including crime comics) centers on a crime(s), how the criminal gets caught and serves time, and the repercussions of the crime

Caper: fiction told from the point of view of the criminals rather than the investigator. Well-known writers in this genre include W. R. Burnett, John Boland, Peter O'Donnell, and Michael Crichton.^[6]
Giallo
Legal thriller
Mystery: fiction that follows a crime (e.g., a murder, a disappearance) as it is committed, investigated, and solved, as well as providing clues and revealing information/secrets as the story unfolds.^[1]
- Cozy mystery: mystery fiction that contain no sex, violence, or profanity. Well-known writers in this genre include Dorothy L. Sayers and Elizabeth Daly.^[6] ^[7]
- City mysteries
- Detective: fiction that follows a detective or other investigator (professional, amateur, or retired) as they investigate or solve a mystery/crime. Detective novels generally begin with a mysterious incident (e.g., death). One of the most popular examples is the Sherlock Holmes stories; well-known detective novelists include Agatha Christie and Raymond Chandler.^[6]
  - Gong'an
  - Girl detective
  - Inverted detective story (aka howcatchem)
  - Occult detective
- Hardboiled
- Historical mystery
- Locked-room mystery
- Police procedural: mystery fiction that feature a protagonist who is a member of the police force. Well-known novelists in this genre include Ed McBain, P. D. James, and Bartholomew Gill.^[6]
- Whodunit: mystery fiction that focuses on the puzzle regarding who committed the crime.
Noir
- Nordic noir
- Tart Noir

Speculative fiction [edit]

Fantasy [edit]

Fantasy (including comics and magazines) is a speculative fiction that use imaginary characters set in fictional universes inspired by mythology and folklore, often including magical elements, magical creatures, or the supernatural. Examples: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1885) and the Harry Potter books.^[1]

Action-adventure
- Heroic
- Lost world
- Subterranean
- Sword-and-sandal
- Sword-and-sorcery
- Wuxia
Fantasy comedy
- Bangsian
Contemporary
- Occult detective fiction
- Paranormal romance
- Urban
Dark or Gothic
Fairytale
Fantastique
Fantasy of manners
Gaslamp
Grimdark
Hard
High
Historical
Isekai
Juvenile
Low
Magic realism: works that depict the real world, but with magical elements that are considered normal in the world in which the story takes place.^[1]
Mythic: fiction that is rooted in, inspired by, or that in some way draws from the tropes, themes, and symbolism of myth, legend, folklore, and fairy tales.
- Mythopoeia: fiction in which characters from religious mythology, traditional myths, folklore, and/or history are recast into a re-imagined realm created by the author.
- Mythpunk
Romantic
Science: science fiction based in elements of fantasy.^[8]
- Dying Earth
- Planetary romance
- Sword and planet
Superhero
Supernatural
Shenmo
Weird fiction
- New weird
Weird West

Horror [edit]

Horror (including comics and magazines) involves fiction in which plot and characters are tools used to elicit a feeling of dread and terror, as well as events that often evoke fear in both the characters and the reader.^[1] Horrors generally focus on themes of death, demons, evil spirits, and the afterlife.

Body (aka biological): intentionally showcases grotesque or psychologically disturbing violations of the human body (including organ transplantation).^[9] Example: Frankenstein (1818).
Comedy
- Zombie comedy
Erotic (sometimes monster erotica)
- Ero guro
Ghost stories and ghostlore
Gothic (aka gothic romanticism; and dark romanticism): fiction mixing themes of horror, romance, and death
- American
- Southern
- Southern Ontario
- Space
- Suburban
- Tasmanian
- Urban
Japanese
Korean
Lovecraftian (or Cosmic)
Monster literature
- Jiangshi fiction
- Werewolf fiction
- Vampire literature
Psychological
Splatterpunk
Techno
Weird fiction
Weird menace
Weird West
Zombie apocalypse

Science fiction [edit]

Science fiction (including comics, magazines, novels, and short stories) is speculative fiction with imagined elements that are inspired by natural sciences (physics, chemistry, astronomy, etc.) or social sciences (psychology, anthropology, sociology, etc.). Common elements of this genre include time travel, space exploration, and futuristic societies. (Sci-fi was originally regarded as scientific romance.)^[1]

Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
Christian
Comedy
Utopian and dystopian
- Dystopian: fiction set in a society that the author views as being worse than the one in which they live in at the time of writing. Example: Brave New World (1932) and Fahrenheit 451 (1953).
  - Cyberpunk: juxtaposes advanced technology with less-advanced, broken down society.^[8] Derivatives of cyberpunk include:
    - Biopunk
    - Dieselpunk
    - Japanese cyberpunk
    - Nanopunk
    - Solarpunk
    - Steampunk: blends technology with steam-powered machinery.^[8]
- Utopian: (often satirical) fiction set in a utopia; a community or society that possesses highly desirable or perfect qualities.^[8]
Feminist
Gothic
Isekai
Hard
- Climate fiction
- Parallel world
Libertarian
Mecha
- Mecha anime and manga
Military
Soft
- Anthropological
- Social
Science fantasy: sci-fi inspired by mythology and folklore, often including elements of magic.^[8]
- Dying Earth
- Planetary romance
- Sword and planet
Space opera: fiction that take place in outer space and center around conflict, romance, and adventure.^[8]
Space Western: fiction that blends elements of sci-fi with those of the western genre.^[8]
Spy-Fi: spy fiction that includes elements of science fiction
Subterranean
Superhero
Tech noir
Techno-thriller

Romance [edit]

Romantic fiction is those which give primary focus around a love story between two people, usually having an "emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending."^[1] Also Romance (literary fiction) – works that frequently, but not exclusively, takes the form of the historical romance.

Amish
Chivalric
- Fantasy: One example is The Princess Bride.
Contemporary
- Gay
- Lesbian
- Medical
Erotic
- Thriller
Romantic fantasy
Historical
- Regency
Inspirational: combines explicitly Christian themes with the development of a romantic relationship.^[10]
Paranormal
- Time-travel
Romantic suspense
Western
Young Adult

Non-fiction genres [edit]

Academic
- Literature review: a summary and careful comparison of previous academic work published on a specific topic
- Research article or research paper
- Scientific: scholarly publication reporting original empirical and theoretical work in the natural or social sciences.
- Technical report
- Textbook: authoritative and detailed factual description of a thing
- Thesis (or dissertation): a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.
Bibliography: an organized listing of books or writings
- Annotated bibliography: a bibliography that provides a summary for each of its entries.
Biography: a written narrative of a person's life; an autobiography is a self-written biography.
- Memoir: a biographical account of a particular event or period in a person's life (rather than their whole life) drawn from personal knowledge or special sources (such as the spouse of the subject).
- Misery literature
- Slave narrative
  - Contemporary
  - Neo
Creative nonfiction: factual narrative presented in the form of a story so as to entertain the reader.
- Personal narrative: a prose relating personal experience and opinion to a factual narrative.
Essay: a short literary composition, often reflecting the author's outlook or point of view.
- Position paper
Journalistic writing: reporting on news and current events
- Arts
- Business
- Data-driven
- Entertainment
- Environmental
- Fashion
- Global
- Medical
- Political
- Science
- Sports
- Technical
- Trade
- Video games
- World
Reference work: publication that one can refer to for confirmed facts, such as a dictionary, thesaurus, encyclopedia, almanac, or atlas.
Self-help: a work written with information intended to instruct or guide readers on solving personal problems.
Obituary
Travel: literature containing elements of the outdoors, nature, adventure, and traveling.
- Guide book: book of information about a place, designed for the use of visitors or tourists
- Travel blog
True crime

Literary fiction vs. genre fiction [edit]

Literary fiction is a term used to distinguish certain fictional works that possess commonly held qualities to readers outside genre fiction.^{[ citation needed ]} Literary fiction has been defined as any fiction that attempts to engage with one or more truths or questions, hence relevant to a broad scope of humanity as a form of expression.^{[ citation needed ]} Genre fiction is a term used to distinguish fictional works written with the intent of fitting into a specific literary genre, in order to appeal to readers and fans already familiar with that genre.^[11] There are many sources that help readers find and define literary fiction and genre fiction.^[12] ^[13]

Academic novel (aka campus novel)
- School story
- Varsity novel
Adventure fiction
Echtra - pre-Christian Old Irish literature about a hero's adventures in the Otherworld or with otherworldly beings.^[14]
- Lost world^[15]
- Nautical fiction
- Picaresque novel - depicts the adventures of a roguish, but "appealing hero", of low social class, who lives by his wits in a corrupt society.
- Robinsonade - a "castaway narrative".^[16]
- Subterranean fiction
Apocalyptic literature - details the authors' visions of the end times as revealed by an angel or other heavenly messenger.^[17]
Bildungsroman - "coming of age" story. The German word "Bildung" can mean both "education" and "self-development."
Crime fiction
- Campus murder mystery
Historical fiction
- Biographical novel
- Historical romance^[18]
- Historical mystery^[19]
- Neo-slave narrative
- Plantation tradition
- Regency novel
Literary nonsense
- Nonsense verse
Mathematical fiction
Nonfiction novel
Novel of manners
- Regency romance
Occupational fiction
- Legal thriller
- Musical fiction
- Sports fiction
Romance novel
- Medical romance
Political fiction
Speculative fiction
- Science fiction
  - Quantum fiction
- Prehistoric fiction
Travel literature
- Imaginary voyage
- Immram - Old Irish tales concerning a hero's sea journey to the Otherworld
- Milesian tale - a travelogue told from memory by a narrator who every now and then would relate how he encountered other characters who told him stories which he would then incorporate into the main tale.
Religious fiction
- Christian fiction
  - Christian science fiction
  - Contemporary Christian fiction
- Islamic fiction
- Jewish fiction^[20]
Saga
- Family saga
Speculative fiction
- Fantasy
  - By setting
    - Epic / high fantasy
    - Hard fantasy
    - Historical fantasy
      - Prehistoric fantasy
      - Medieval fantasy
      - Wuxia
    - Low fantasy
    - Urban fantasy
      - Paranormal romance
  - By theme
    - Comic fantasy
    - Contemporary fantasy
    - Dark fantasy
    - Fantasy of manners
    - Heroic fantasy
    - Magic realism
    - Mythic
    - Paranormal fantasy
    - Shenmo fantasy
    - Superhero fantasy
    - Sword and sorcery
- Horror
  - Body horror
    - Splatterpunk
  - Erotic
  - Gothic fiction
    - Southern Gothic
  - Psychological
  - Supernatural / paranormal
    - Cosmic (Lovecraftian)
    - Ghost story
    - Monster literature
      - Jiangshi fiction
      - Vampire fiction
      - Werewolf fiction
    - Occult detective
- Science fiction
  - Alien invasion
  - Post-apocalyptic
  - Cyberpunk derivatives
    - Cyberpunk
      - Biopunk
      - Nanopunk
      - Postcyberpunk
    - Steampunk
      - Atompunk
      - Clockpunk
      - Dieselpunk
  - Solarpunk, aka Hopepunk
  - Dystopian
  - Hard science fiction
  - Military science fiction
  - Parallel universe, aka alternative universe
    - Alternative history
  - LitRPG
  - Scientific romance
  - Social science fiction
  - Soft science fiction
  - Space opera
  - portal fantasy aka Isekai and Accidental travel
- Speculative cross-genre fiction
  - Bizarro fiction
  - Climate fiction (cli-fi)
  - Dying Earth
  - Science fantasy
    - Planetary romance
      - Sword and planet
  - Slipstream
  - Weird fiction
    - New Weird

Suspense fiction
- Crime fiction
- Detective fiction
- Gong'an fiction
- Mystery fiction
Thriller
- Mystery fiction
- Legal thriller
- Medical thriller
- Political thriller
  - Spy fiction
- Psychological thriller
- Techno-thriller
Tragedy
- Melodrama
Urban fiction
Westerns
Women's fiction
- Chick lit
- Class S
- Femslash
- Matron literature
- Romance novel
- Yaoi
- Yuri
Workplace tell-all
General cross-genre
- Historical romance
- Juvenile fantasy
- LGBT pulp fiction
  - Gay male pulp fiction
  - Lesbian pulp fiction
  - Lesbian erotica fiction
- Paranormal romance
- Romantic fantasy
- Tragicomedy

Other nonfiction genres [edit]

These are genres belonging to the realm of nonfiction. Some genres listed may reappear throughout the list, indicating cross-genre status.

Biography
- Memoir
  - Autobiography
    - Slave narrative
    - Spiritual autobiography
  - Bildungsroman
    - Contemporary slave narrative
    - Neo-slave narrative
Commentary
Creative nonfiction
Critique
- Canonical criticism
- Form criticism
- Higher criticism
- Historical criticism
- Lower criticism
- Narrative criticism
- Postmodern criticism
- Psychological criticism
- Redaction criticism
- Rhetorical criticism
- Social criticism
- Source criticism
- Textual criticism
Cult literature
Diaries and journals
Didactic
- Dialectic
- Rabbinic
- Aporetic
- Elenctic
Erotic literature
Essay, treatise
History
- Academic history
- Genealogy
- Narrative
- People's history
- Popular history
- Official history
- Narrative history
- Whig history
Lament
Law
- Ceremonial
- Family
- Levitical
- Moral
- Natural
- Royal decree
- Social
Letter
Manuscript
Philosophy
- Metaphysics
- Socratic dialogue
Poetry
Religious text
- Apocalyptic
- Apologetics
- Chant
- Confession
- Covenant
- Creed
- Daily devotional
- Epistle
  - Pauline epistle
  - General epistle
  - Encyclical
- Gospel
- Homily
- Koan
- Lectionary
- Liturgy
- Mysticism
- Occult literature
- Prayer
- Philosophy
  - Philosophical theology
  - Philosophy of religion
  - Religious epistemology
- Prophecy
  - Blessing/Curse
  - Messianic prophecy
  - Divination
  - Oracle
    - Woe oracle
  - Prediction
  - Vision
- Revelation
  - Natural revelation
  - Special revelation
- Scripture
  - Buddhist texts
    - Lotus Sutra
    - Tripitaka
  - Christian literature
    - Apocrypha
    - Christian devotional literature
    - Encyclical
    - New Testament
    - Old Testament
    - Patristic
      - Anti-Nicene
      - Post-Nicene
    - Psalms
      - Imprecatory psalm
    - Pseudepigrapha
  - Hindu literature
    - Bhagavad Gita
    - Vedas
  - Islamic literature
    - Haddith
    - Quran
  - Jewish literature
    - Hebrew poetry
- Song
  - Dirge
  - Hymn
- Sutra
- Theology
  - Apologetics
  - Biblical theology
  - Cosmology
  - Christology
  - Ecclesiology
  - Eschatology
  - Hamartiology
  - Pneumatology
  - Mariology
  - Natural theology
  - Soteriology
  - Theology proper
- Wisdom literature
Scientific writing
Testament
True crime

References [edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "What Are the Different Genres of Literature? A Guide to 14 Literary Genres". MasterClass. November 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ ^a ^b Neto, Bill (March 16, 2021). "Literary Genres". eBooks Discounts. Archived from the original on April 17, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ David, Mikics (2010). A New Handbook of Literary Term. Yale University Press. pp. 132–133. ISBN9780300164312.
^ Elliott, Robert (1960). The Power of Satire: Magic, Ritual, Art. Princeton University Press. ISBN9780691012766.
^ "How to Write an Adventure Story". MasterClass. November 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "What Is the Mystery Genre? Learn About Mystery and Crime Fiction, Plus 6 Tips for Writing a Mystery Novel". MasterClass. November 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 17, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ "What Makes a Cozy Just That?". Cozy Mystery List. Archived from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "What Is Science Fiction Writing? Definition and Characteristics of Science Fiction Literature". MasterClass. November 8, 2020. Archived from the original on April 17, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ Cruz, Ronald (December 2012). "Mutations and Metamorphoses: Body Horror is Biological Horror". Journal of Popular Film and Television. 40 (4): 160–168. doi:10.1080/01956051.2012.654521. S2CID 194091897.
^ "The Romance Genre: Romance Literature Subgenres". Romance Writers of America. Archived from the original on July 27, 2010. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ French, Christy. "Literary Fiction vs. Genre Fiction". AuthorsDen. Archived from the original on October 20, 2011. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ Pearl, Nancy (2010). Now Read This III: A Guide to Mainstream Fiction. Libraries Unlimited. ISBN9781591585701.
^ Saricks, Joyce (2001). The Readers' Advisory Guide to Genre Fiction. American Library Association. ISBN9780838908037.
^ Dumville, David (1976). "Echtrae and Immram: Some Problems of Definition". Ériu. 27: 73–94. JSTOR 30007669. Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-04-17 – via JSTOR.
^ Deane, Bradley (2008). "Imperial Barbarians: Primitive masculinity in Lost World fiction". Victorian Literature and Culture. 36 (1): 205–225. doi:10.1017/S1060150308080121. JSTOR 40347601. S2CID 162826920. Archived from the original on 2021-04-17. Retrieved 2021-04-17 – via JSTOR.
^ Weaver-Hightower, Rebecca (2007). Empire Islands: Castaways, Cannibals, and Fantasies of Conquest. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN9780816648634.
^ Coogan, Michael; Chapman, Cynthia (2019). A Brief Introduction to the Old Testament: The Hebrew Bible in Its Context. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780190903756.
^ Christiansen, Rupert (2004). Romantic Affinities: Portraits from an Age 1780-1830. Random House UK. pp. 192–196. ISBN9781844134212.
^ Picker, Lenny (March 5, 2010). "Mysteries of History". Publishers Weekly. Archived from the original on March 14, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
^ "Jewish fiction". Goodreads. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2020.